Capitalism and the future of state (3)

Et si la question n'était pas la baisse des dépenses publiques mais l'innovation pour bâtir un état plus efficient moins couteux sur des bases radicalement différentes?
Car vouloir baisser les dépenses publiques avec le même état est illusoire. Ainsi la question est sommes nous capables d'inventer l'état du futur en France qui permettra de concilier la baisse drastique des dépenses et le service?

"The Bureaucratic Model:
Most governments traditionally have operated a management system for their
departments based upon the bureaucratic model. Under this system the department
tended to develop over time the mantle of an institution of government with
something of a divine right to exist in perpetuity. Therefore, questioning the
institution’s performance was fraught with implied recrimination. The original
purpose of the organization also was often lost in antiquity and became masked by
its expansion into areas of activity that bore little or no relationship to its core
business. In other words these institutions had become conglomerates, with all the
lack of focus and accountability that often plagues conglomerates.
This model in very general terms worked on the basis of an allocation of money by
the legislature to a specific activity that was directed at a societal issue. The
allocation tended to focus on controlling inputs and defining the activity while
accountability tended to concentrate on whether the money was spent on the
identified activity and whether the activity did indeed take place. In this model the
benefit tended to be presumed because the money was spent as directed and the
measurement was the quantity of activity rather than the benefit produced. The
culture of bureaucracies tended to develop around the concept of serving the
demands of the administration and the legislature rather than addressing and
solving the needs of the people. In only rare cases was there a requirement to
produce evidence that the desired outcome was actually achieved.
In my view it is this management model more than anything else that has led to such
poor performance in affluent countries on issues like homelessness, illiteracy,
dependency, poverty and crime. The desire of the legislature to control the activity
rather than demand the outcome contributed to this lack of success."

"The Results Based Model:
In recent times governments have started to question whether they were getting the
public benefits they sought through the bureaucratic model and whether a better
system of management might be available. This analysis has moved many
governments to adopt a variety of new systems where there is a shift in the focus of
accountability towards measuring the production of results. In this model the
allocation of resources is more in the form of a purchase agreement where a certain
activity is predicted to produce a specific result and accountability is for that result.
This is an evolving process and no one system is perfect yet, but the evidence points
to improvements in both resource allocation and in the quantity of public benefit
achieved. The difference in philosophy is that the results model focuses more on the
outcome and less on the inputs and outputs. For example, the measures of success
would be the reduction of criminal acts, not the number of prosecutions; the
reduction of dependency, not the numbers of people who received transfer
payments, the number of successful new businesses started, not the quantity of
businesses assisted, etc.
Designing the Organizations of the Future:
If there is to be a move towards a results based culture, the structures of
accountability and the relationship between the government and its delivery
organizations need to change. It is unreasonable to expect organizations and
individuals to adopt a culture of accountability based on assessing their
performance against the results produced unless they are given a structure that
enables them to succeed under this result based accountability regime. Such a
system must also produce incentives and rewards that encourage this culture shift
towards results accountability.
The following principals are, in my opinion, essential to the success of any move
towards results based accountability in government."


http://mercatus.org/sites/default/files/publication/MC_GAP_McTigueSESLaborSpeech_050728.pdf