Is estrogen “the female hormone”?
“…Similarly, in many animal species, the so-called ‘estrogens’ do not in themselves cause estrus or heat without simultaneous progesterone treatment, hence the later hormone could be called “estrogenic” with almost equal justification. Furthermore, estrogens interrupt the estrous cycle in the intact rodent so that they are actually ‘anti-estrogenic’ under ordinary circumstances of bioassay.”[1]
“…it seemed reasonable to conclude that testosterone interacts with androgen receptors in the brain to bring about defeminization. However, the concept had to be revised when it was found that estrogens mimic testosterone, whereas DHT does not. It was soon revealed that estrogen receptors begin to appear in the hypothalamus around the time of birth, and that they increase in numbers during the first few postnatal days. Moreover, neurons involved in defeminization contain aromatase enzymes that convert testosterone (but not DHT) to estrogen. The conclusion that estrogens are the defeminizing agents is supported by several findings.”[2]
“Injection of estrogens into fowl eggs during the period of incubation leads to the development of intersexual males, whose reactions may vary between perfect masculine behavior.”[3]
“In conclusion, these data provide evidence that estrogen is at least one factor that influences adrenal androgen sensitivity in polycystic ovarian syndrome and may help explain the frequent finding of adrenal hyperandrogenism [masculinization] in this syndrome.”[4]
“In recent years, it has been found to be responsible even for neonatal masculinization and the masculinization of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Although the pharmaceutical industry has often referred to it as ‘the female hormone,’ I don’t know of any competent scientist who has ever called it that.”[5]
1. The Textbook of Endocrinology by Hans Selye (1947)
2. Endocrine Physiology by Constance R. Martin (1985)
3. The Textbook of Endocrinology by Hans Selye (1947)
4. The impact of estrogen on adrenal androgen sensitivity and secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome (1995)
5. Not the “female hormone,” but the shock hormone by Raymond Peat (2007)
“…Similarly, in many animal species, the so-called ‘estrogens’ do not in themselves cause estrus or heat without simultaneous progesterone treatment, hence the later hormone could be called “estrogenic” with almost equal justification. Furthermore, estrogens interrupt the estrous cycle in the intact rodent so that they are actually ‘anti-estrogenic’ under ordinary circumstances of bioassay.”[1]
“…it seemed reasonable to conclude that testosterone interacts with androgen receptors in the brain to bring about defeminization. However, the concept had to be revised when it was found that estrogens mimic testosterone, whereas DHT does not. It was soon revealed that estrogen receptors begin to appear in the hypothalamus around the time of birth, and that they increase in numbers during the first few postnatal days. Moreover, neurons involved in defeminization contain aromatase enzymes that convert testosterone (but not DHT) to estrogen. The conclusion that estrogens are the defeminizing agents is supported by several findings.”[2]
“Injection of estrogens into fowl eggs during the period of incubation leads to the development of intersexual males, whose reactions may vary between perfect masculine behavior.”[3]
“In conclusion, these data provide evidence that estrogen is at least one factor that influences adrenal androgen sensitivity in polycystic ovarian syndrome and may help explain the frequent finding of adrenal hyperandrogenism [masculinization] in this syndrome.”[4]
“In recent years, it has been found to be responsible even for neonatal masculinization and the masculinization of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Although the pharmaceutical industry has often referred to it as ‘the female hormone,’ I don’t know of any competent scientist who has ever called it that.”[5]
1. The Textbook of Endocrinology by Hans Selye (1947)
2. Endocrine Physiology by Constance R. Martin (1985)
3. The Textbook of Endocrinology by Hans Selye (1947)
4. The impact of estrogen on adrenal androgen sensitivity and secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome (1995)
5. Not the “female hormone,” but the shock hormone by Raymond Peat (2007)
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