mercredi 13 novembre 2019

Paracetamol and liver toxicity: is it possible to mitigate the effect with naringin and naringenin?

Paracetamol is potentially dangerous for the liver

It is still the major cause of liver transplantation for acute liver failure (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28379590)



https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2019/2745352/




Don't forget that you should take only less than 375 mg per taking of paracetamol according to scientific data. 



Schematic diagram of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and its prevention by the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin, and naringenin.

Everyone should take this in account

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13318-016-0329-2



Obviously, there are variations in effects according to genomics and environmental factors. Those variations are unknown for each individual at the present state of available medical data when prescribing this drug.

Precision medicine

"Acetaminophen undergoes several processes of extensive hepatic metabolism by multiple enzymes.46 These enzymes include UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT), cytochrome P (CYP), sulfotransferases (SULT), and glutathione-S-transferases (GST).46 Genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes are a major cause of discrepancies in patients’ responses to acetaminophen administration.4751 Despite the well-established polymorphism in the four enzymes, studies have been limited to UGT genes only.48,52,53 Therefore, studies of genes encoding the other three enzymes are recommended due to their significant contribution in differential drug response.46"

46: Mazaleuskaya LL, Sangkuhl K, Thorn CF, FitzGerald GA, Altman RB, Klein TE. PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015;25:416. doi:10.1097/FPC.0000000000000150



In French:
De toute évidence, les effets varient en fonction de la génomique et des facteurs environnementaux. Ces variations sont inconnues pour chaque individu dans l'état actuel des données médicales disponibles lors de la prescription de ce médicament.


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