Despite its unacceptable conclusion, this paper does contain several perfectly rational assumptions about the fetus. As they wrote, society indeed set artificial definitions of life and human being existence.
We need better approaches to fertility control. They will come from science and innovation to clearly avoid this dilemma.
"Both a fetus and a newborn certainly are human beings and potential persons, but neither is a ‘person’ in the sense of ‘subject of a moral right to life’. We take ‘person’ to mean an individual who is capable of attributing to her own existence some (at least) basic value such that being deprived of this existence represents a loss to her. This means that many non-human animals and mentally retarded human individuals are persons, but that all the individuals who are not in the condition of attributing any value to their own existence are not persons. Merely being human is not in itself a reason for ascribing someone a right to life. Indeed, many humans are not considered subjects of a right to life: spare embryos where research on embryo stem cells is permitted, fetuses where abortion is permitted, criminals where capital punishment is legal."
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| http://www.jstor.org/stable/2265002?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents |
Are vegetarians dangerous?
"In a recent article entitled ‘After-birth abortion: why should the baby live?’i Alberto Giubilini and Francesca Minerva unveil and rehearse an old proposal by Peter Singer. In his 1979 version of Practical Ethics2 Singer argued that a 1-month-old baby, in view of its youth, lacks rationality, self-consciousness and autonomy. Accordingly, the child is, technically speaking, a non-person that could be killed without moral compunction. "
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